Warning signs in dengue: their association with sequential infection
Keywords:
dengue, warning signs, immune response, T cells.Abstract
Introduction: Dengue virus is currently the most important viral disease transmitted by arthropods of the genus Aedes, mainly Aedes aegypti. The latter is the species that most affects humans in terms of morbidity and mortality. More than 390 million infections are reported every year, of which more than 96 million develop clinical symptoms, indicating the high incidence of the disease caused by this vector.
Objective: To identify the frequency of appearance and the main warning signs in Cuban patients with dengue, and the possible association of these with the relative counts of CD4+ T lymphocytes expressing the CD25 molecule.
Methods: A study was carried out on the warning signs in adult patients with a confirmed diagnosis of dengue infection. The association of these signs was explored with respect to the classification of the infection and the behavior of the relative counts of the blood cell population that expressed CD4 and CD25 markers by flow cytometry.
Results: About 50% of patients presented warning signs during dengue infection. Among the most frequently reported are thrombocytopenia (53%) and abdominal pain (27 %), observed in association with secondary infection (P=0.04). The frequency of CD4+ and CD25+ T cells predominated in patients with warning signs, although it was not statistically significant.
Conclusions: The warning signs predominating in secondary dengue infection, as well as the disease evolution to severe clinical stages, could be related to a loss of regulation exerted through T cells.
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