Immunophenotypic characterization of chronic lymphoid leukemia of B lineage in Cuban adult patients
Keywords:
chronic lymphocytic leukemia; immunophenotype; flow cytometry.Abstract
Introduction: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a disease that falls within chronic lymphoproliferative syndromes, characterized as a malignant proliferative disorder of mature-appearing but incompetent lymphocytes that accumulate massively in peripheral blood, bone marrow, and lymphoid tissues.
Objective: To immunophenotypically characterize B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia in adult Cuban patients.
Methods: An observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was conducted from January 2023 to July 2025 in the Immunology department of the Institute of Hematology and Immunology. The sample consisted of 27 patients diagnosed with chronic lymphoid leukemia by flow cytometry technique. Absolute and relative frequencies were used, as well as variance comparison through Student's t-test for the evaluation of the results.
Results: Males predominated with 15 patients (55.56 %), as well as the age groups of 50-59 and 70-79 years. Lymphocytosis, anemia, and leukocytosis were the main alterations found in the complete blood count. Splenomegaly and lymphadenopathy predominated among the signs of lymphoproliferation. A significant difference was obtained in the expression of CD45 and CD19k antigens in relation to females compared to males, as well as in the expression of CD19, CD19λ, and CD5 antigens, in relation to hemoglobin and platelet values, respectively.
Conclusions: Flow cytometry proved to be a powerful tool for the immunophenotypic characterization of chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Yenisey Triana Marrero, Vianed Marsán Suárez, Yaneisy Duarte Pérez, Mibelys Santana García, Yamilé Quintero Sierra, Julio Dámaso Fernández Águila, Wilfredo Luque Gamboa
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
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