Frequency of Ocular Conditions in Rheumatoid Arthritis and their Associated Factors
Keywords:
rheumatoid arthritis, ocular conditions, drugs.Abstract
Introduction: Various forms of ocular disease can occur in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and the clinical course of the disease can be quite variable.
Objective: To estimate the frequency of ocular manifestations and their relationship with risk factors that may determine their occurrence according to the rheumatoid arthritis protocol.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in 126 patients with a diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis at the rheumatology service of Hospital Clínico-Quirúrgico Hermanos Ameijeiras, during the period from January 2021 to January 2022.
Results: The prevailing mean age was 57 ± 13 years, together with 91.3 % of the female sex, for a female/male ratio of 10.5:1. 42.9 % had a disease evolution time of more than 10 years; 50.8 % presented low disease activity and 34.1 % were in remission. 55.6 % had ocular manifestations. Keratoconjunctivitis (46 %) was the most frequent, with a decrease in visual acuity in 9.5 %. In patients with ocular manifestations, the mean time of disease evolution was 13.5 ± 9.3 years versus 9.8 ± 7.3 years, and the use of chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine (69 %/44.1 %) was higher. Disease activity, the rheumatoid factor, citrullinated antipeptide and corticosteroid usage showed no significant association with ocular disorders.
Conclusions: Ocular manifestations were associated with longer disease progression time and chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine usage was not statistically significant.
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