Desafíos de la investigación científica en el ámbito quirúrgico

Abstract

Introduction: Throughout history, surgical research has been judged as a methodological failure due to the heterogeneity of patients, procedures and surgeons, which poses significant challenges. Objective: To update the limitations that persist in scientific evidence studies for the surgical field, in order to promote surgeons' research. Method: Bibliographic review in Pubmed, Elsevier, Google Scholar, Research and Scielo; articles in English and Spanish. Results: Of the 325 sources found, 48 were selected taking into account as inclusion criteria complete, original articles, bibliographic reviews, meta-analyses, clinical trials in English and Spanish, from 2004 to 2024. 277 were excluded because they did not meet the selection criteria because they were brief communications, conference abstracts, letters to the editor and inpress articles. Development: Technological limitations and ethical barriers affect patient safety from the design of the study to the dissemination of its results. Masking is one of the most significant challenges due to the visible and invasive nature of the interventions. Innovation, technological development and interdisciplinarity, while constituting strengths, become challenges. Conclusion: Scientific research is the basis of development, so it is vital to identify the barriers in the medical-surgical field in order to overcome the challenges that hinder the emergence of new procedures in surgery