Algorithm for endoscopic diagnosis in patients with tumors of the rectum and the anus
Keywords:
cancer of the anus, cancer of the rectum, endoscopic diagnosis, algorithmAbstract
Introduction: cancer of the colon and the rectum is the third neoplasm in the world. Cancer mortality rate occupies the second place in all the ages, except in the 1-4 year-old group. For the diagnosis, it is necessary to perform a rectosigmoidoscopy to define the location and the neoadjuvant treatment, and a colonoscopy to specify the synchronous lesion of the colon.
Objectives: to establish a consensus about the algorithm of endoscopic diagnosis in patients with tumors of the rectum and the anus; to determine the presence of synchronic tumors of the anus, rectum and colon by performing colonoscopies in the shortest time possible; to propose an algorithm for endoscopic diagnosis of the cancer of the rectum and the anus.
Methods: a retrospective, comparative and descriptive study of the endoscopic results in patients with cancer of the rectum and the anus during a period of 1 year and 4, 5 months from January 2009 to May 2010 was conducted. The data were processed in Microsoft Word and Excel for the creation of tables and graphs.
Results: of the 52 patients with the diagnosis of cancer of the rectum and the 17 ones with the diagnosis of cancer of the anus, rectosigmoidoscopy was first performed to the 69 patients, and colonoscopy was performed on the 7th, 10th and 15th days, situation that makes the treatment difficult during the time established for cancer.
Conclusions: the algorithm diagnosis in patients with cancer of the rectum and anus facilitates us the behavior and the treatment of these affections, which should be followed before the 21 days after being diagnosed.
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