Cardiovascular Risk and Subclinical Carotid Atherosclerosis in Patients with Ankylosing Spondylitis
Keywords:
ankylosing spondylitis; cardiovascular risk; subclinical carotid atherosclerosis.Abstract
Introduction: Currently, an increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease has been demonstrated in patients with ankylosing spondylitis.
Objective: To identify cardiovascular risk and the presence of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis in patients diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis.
Methods: An analytical, observational, cross-sectional cohort study was conducted in the Rheumatology Department of Hermanos Ameijeiras Clinical Surgical Hospital from April 2021 to April 2023. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables were collected. The Framingham cardiovascular risk score and the presence of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis were evaluated.
Results: One hundred forty patients were included. Males predominated (57.9%), white skin color (87.9%), and the mean age was 48 ± 12.08 years. An axial joint pattern was prominent in 50% of cases, and the disease duration was greater than 10 years. Human leukocyte antigen B27 was present in 72.1%. The most frequent cardiovascular risk factors were hypertension (51.4%), dyslipidemia (42.9%), and obesity (24.3%), and an association with inflammatory activity was evident. Low cardiovascular riskwas present in 71.7%; moderate and high risk were associated with the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis.
Conclusions: Low cardiovascular risk predominated; the moderate and high-risk categories were associated with the presence of subclinical carotid atherosclerosis. The existence of risk factors was related to the inflammatory activity of the disease.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Nelsa Dalmis Casas Figueredo, Doris Sarai Mancía Gómez, Araceli Chico Capote, Yeniset Sánchez Bruzón, Miguel Hernán Estevez del Toro, Dayana Yanes Amador
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