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Importancia de la fase preanalítica para el laboratorio clínico
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La fase preanalítica comprende todos los procesos previos a cada prueba de laboratorio. Esta fase del proceso de diagnóstico es responsable por la mayoría de los errores de laboratorio, mientras que los procedimientos relacionados incluyen otros tipos de profesionales que trabajan fuera del marco del laboratorio, es decir, sin supervisión directa del personal del mismo. Por tanto, ambos, la correcta organización o manejo del personal y los procedimientos que corresponden a la extracción de sangre por venipuntura son de fundamental importancia, mientras que los varios pasos para desarrollar la colecta sanguínea son de por sí fuentes de variabilidad en el laboratorio. El propósito de este trabajo, dirigido a los profesionales de la salud, es destacar la importancia del manejo de las muestras sanguíneas (desde la preparación del paciente hasta el análisis de laboratorio), como herramienta para prevenir errores, con el concepto de que los resultados de laboratorio provenientes de muestras de sangre inapropiadas son inconsistentes y no permiten un apropiado tratamiento ni monitoreo del paciente en cuestión.
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