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Efecto del consumo de alimentos con ácidos grasos trans y riesgo cardiovascular
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Introducción: El consumo excesivo de alimentos con contenidos grasos, acompañado por estilos de vida sedentarios, afecta el peso corporal y la salud. La ingesta de grasa total se relaciona con el índice de masa corporal y el perfil lipídico, por tanto, la reducción de su consumo disminuye el peso, el índice de masa corporal, el colesterol total y el colesterol lipoproteínas de baja densidad. La alteración del perfil lipídico es un factor de riesgo para sufrir enfermedades cardiocerebrovasculares. Los ácidos grasos trans y ácidos grasos saturados se consideran un factor de riesgo para algunos tipos de cáncer.
Objetivo: Exponer el efecto del consumo de alimentos con ácidos grasos trans y el riesgo cardiovascular.
Métodos: Se realizaron investigaciones en internet mediante buscadores especializados y los descriptores de ciencias de la salud. Los métodos analítico sintético, inductivo deductivo y análisis documental permitieron realizar el análisis crítico de los documentos. Se recopilaron publicaciones de autores nacionales y extranjeros.
Resultados: Se declara la importancia de la reducción del consumo de grasas saturadas para la prevención de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. Además, la disminución del consumo de ácidos grasos saturados y el aumento de ácidos grasos monosaturados y poliinsaturados puede reducir el colesterol LDL. La normativa regulatoria del contenido de nutrientes de los alimentos debe ser priorizada con medidas eficaces que protejan la salud del consumidor; es así como varios países tienen regulaciones sobre el contenido de grasas.
Conclusiones: La evidencia actual demuestra que el consumo de ácidos grasos trans, parcialmente hidrogenados, afecta a las personas y puede ser un factor de riesgo relacionado con las enfermedades cerebrovaculares De manera significativa acrecienta el riesgo de sufrir un evento cardiovascular.
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Referencias
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